Harder, harder

One careers seminar offered to undergraduates during my degree discussed the pros and cons of pursuing postgraduate study. After the seminar, I spoke to the Careers Tutor responsible for undergraduates in our department. I told him that I was finding the degree course really difficult, and I was not sure if it was worth applying for PhDs as I did not feel certain I wanted to do one.

To the “finding it really difficult” comment, he smiled

We like you to be challenged.

In a similar vein, one lecturer covering a challenging topic during the course found his lectures met with complaints about how incomprehensible the material was. After explaining the concept for the second or third time and pointing us towards some reading material, he seemed exasperated

These things don’t come for free, you know.

I am reminded of these two conversations, and particularly the latter one, when I am grappling with my research. For some students, the biggest challenges to their degrees are practical ones, such as access to data, or not getting on with their supervisor. Others face disruptions ranging from problems with equipment to their supervisor being made redundant.

For me, the single biggest challenge of my PhD so far has been learning the new techniques and material I need to do the research in the first place. Figuring out what I need to know, and how to find the information, and which bits I are going to be useful to me and which avenues are actually dead ends, seem to take me a lot of time. In contrast to the

Here’s a set of Gilsons and a labcoat, now GO!

experience Cath documents, my PhD feels a bit more like “Here’s Google…make a start…”.

This contrasts with the undergraduate degree where in hindsight the biggest challenge was exam technique. It took me the best part of three years to figure out that the way to get through the exams was not to tackle the entire contents of (your preferred edition of) Stryer, more to study about one-third of the course material in detail.

I am coming up halfway through my PhD and I wonder if the challenges will shift as I progress. I am curious to know what the biggest challenge was for other people. Is writing-up universally the biggest stumbling block, is it getting started, or do the real challenges only arise post-PhD?

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Octogenarian

People your age, they often find old people…boring

My great-aunt made this assertion, when I described the volunteer befriending role mentioned in my previous post. I am not absolutely sure that “boring” is the reason many young people avoid spending time with the elderly. I have the impression that the young are a little bit afraid. The generation or two between the young and the elderly seems like, well, a lifetime, and seems like a chasm that cannot be crossed.

My work with the elderly has been surprising, rewarding, and entertaining. From the lady who insisted that, back when she was at school, they took gin on their cornflakes, to the centenarian who was still taking the bus to the bingo in the next village several times a week. The people I met would show me photos of times past – particularly memorable was a black-and-white snapshot of one lady driving a motorbike, Wallace-and-Gromit style, complete with side car.

Wallace. With Gromit, in a side car.

Wallace. With Gromit, in a side car.

It took a bit of patience to get them talking, but I didn’t find them boring. They had interests of their own. One eightysomething lady was keen on musical theatre and developed a somewhat improbable crush on Lee Mead.

Lee Mead

Lee Mead was the winner of BBC reality show "Any Dream Will Do"

The population of Britain is aging. Life expectancy at birth for me is somewhere around 77, and for a girl born now it is over eighty. In the coming years, the section of the population that will grow fastest is the “oldest old”.

We are all aware of the cuts in public spending that have taken place or will take place. You do not have to look far to find the treatment of the elderly making headlines. I don’t have easy answers to how we fund the increasing health and social care needs of our aging population. But the octogenarians I have known have taught me that the elderly deserve our time and our patience, our care and our respect.

This post is in memory of RDS, 01-08-1928 to 30-12-2010.

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Goodwill to all men

Teaching and research are not the only areas of Imperial College’s activity affected by spending cuts. Earlier this autumn, Imperial Volunteer Centre announced that

due to reduced funding from a specific scheme administered by the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the Imperial Volunteer Centre has…been forced to review its activities.

On its website, IVC used to host a searchable directory of volunteering opportunities. Organizations needing volunteers could submit their opportunities to the database, and students (and staff) could search for opportunities, filtering by category, length of commetment and location. IVC facilitated contact between the volunteer and the organization, and served as a port of call if there were any problems with the volunteer placement. It is this brokerage service that has been withdrawn.

It is a shame that this service cannot continue. As IVC list on their website, similar services are offered by national as well as local organizations.

So, why should students be interested in volunteering?

I confess, I have always been somewhat community minded. When I was an idealistic teenager school pupil, one of my proudest achievements was press-ganging convincing the whole school to collect their plastic cups for recycling. We completed the recycling circle by buying pencils made from said cups, and selling them in the School Shop.

A pencil. Made from one recycled plastic vending cup

No, it was not me who came up with the slogan.

In light of the withdrawing of IVC’s brokerage service, here are some anecdotal reasons why students should volunteer.

  • Time

As a student, and particularly as an undergraduate, your time is your own in a way it has not been before, and probably won’t be for a while afterwards. If you are taking a course which is heavy on contact-time, or you have to balance studies with other responsibilities, then maybe volunteering is not for you right now. Your lecturers are not going to appreciate it if you cut class to go out doing good. But if your schedule is a bit flexible, then now is a good time in your life to consider volunteering.

When I was looking for volunteering opportunities, I deliberately picked one with a time commitment I felt I could manage – about two hours, twice per month – making my volunteering efforts more likely to be sustainable. My placement is also flexible enough – I stopped volunteering in the run-up to exams, and picked up again afterwards. I know one student who spent one night per month answering the telephone for Nightline whilst studying to be a vet. (Not actually at the same time!).

You could consider one-off opportunities too. I often spot IC students helping at Exhibition Road Festival, and I know of one student who went for a week to the Centre for Alternative Technology in Wales – volunteering and a holiday rolled into one.

  • CV points

When I turned to volunteering as an undergraduate, I was less concerned about the future of the planet than the future of my career – I wanted to plug a specific gap on my CV. In the event, my career took a different path to the one I was thinking of when I started volunteering. But, two and a half years on, I am still volunteering.

CV-building is a common motivator for volunteers, and some opportunities have an obvious match with career plans. For scientists, outreach is one area to consider. Imperial will continue to operate its own outreach activities, coordinating a range of opportunities which would be particularly appropriate for someone considering teaching or science communication after they graduate.

My volunteering placement has developed my soft skills in some unexpected ways, from communication (explaining Facebook to someone who has never used the internet…or teaching a computer novice how to use a mouse) to crisis management (when a housebound pensioner expecting your visit does not answer the door nor the telephone).

  • Do something different

Being a student (and particularly being a PhD student) is immersive. Students are expected to work hard, and I am not advocating volunteering as an excuse not to be working, but being a desk-bound student I find that taking a little time to do something different to the day-to-day helps to give me some a fresh perspective. I am a befriender (similar to this) – I visit a housebound local resident in their own home, for nothing more complicated than a nice cup of tea and some company (for them(!)).

For IC students, the withdrawal of IVC’s brokerage service might make volunteering opportunities less of a doddle to find. If you feel inspired to give volunteering a go, starting points might include do-it or your own university’s RAG society or outreach service.

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PhDs around the world

Prompted by a couple of comments on my previous post, I started wondering about different PhD procedures around the world. Thanks in no small part to tez intech00bs, I have scientist friends in many countries, but most of the PhD students I am in touch with regularly are students here in England. In this country alone, procedures for obtaining the degree vary from institution to institution, and from discipline to discipline. (I have one friend who earned her PhD in fine art by submitting a website.)

So, in a biomedical PhD in the UK, the period of study is normally three or four years full time (or six to eight years part time). At the end of the PhD, the student submits a written thesis which is examined by two examiners. The student has an oral assessment (‘the viva’) after which the examiners decide whether or not to award the degree, subject to major, minor or (more rarely) no corrections of the thesis.

Unlike in some other countries, in the UK there is no requirement for the student to have submitted work for publication in peer-reviewed journals in order to be awarded the PhD. And, unlike in Finland and Sweeden, here in the UK the viva is a private and not a public affair.

I am aware, for example, that in the US the period of registration in grad school is typically longer than the three to four year limit here in the UK. In Finland, I understand, a PhD is normally “by publication” – the student must have had sufficient publications accepted in peer-reviewed journals. (I also understand that in some European countries a PhD candidate is employed as staff by their institution, which is not typically the case here in the UK.)

So, how are things where you are? Wikipedia has a partial list but it is somewhat incomplete, focusing mainly on the criteria for admission to a PhD program. I am happy to update my ideas above, wiki-style, if they are not correct. I am particularly interested in what doing a PhD is like in countries outside Europe and the US as I don’t know how things differ there, if at all.

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Milestones

I was given a handy sheet of paper when I started my PhD. Entitled Milestones – Cule, it sets out the dates by which I must complete a number of administrative steps. After agreeing on a supervisor, subsequent milestones included submitting a proposal. My examination in order to upgrade my initial registration as an MPhil student to PhD student status took place yesterday.

A milestone. On Kensington Gore.

A milestone. On Kensington Gore.

Each milestone presents its own challenges, and there is that odd phenomenon by which each seems to loom more important than the last. Whilst preparing for my upgrade examination (which consists of a presentation followed by a mini-viva) I was anxious. I was not so worried that I would not pass, but more concerned that my examiners were going to see all too easily the gaps in my knowledge and that I would look a fool.

I sought advice from the blogosphere, which you can read here. My peers in First Life were supportive too, empathising

Oh, I think I made a big drama out of [the upgrade] at the time, but with hindsight it was fine.

On seeing how nervous I was at the first rehersal of my presentation, it was suggested that I

have a shot of vodka before you give the presentation,

an idea which I filed alongside the suggestion that I wear a bowtie. Instead of vodka I went for practise, practise, practise and received helpful feedback on the structure of my talk and the slides. My upgrade was the first presentation I have written consisting, for the most part, of mathematical and statistical concepts. I discovered that equations are much more difficult than figures to make visually interesting,

After giving the presentation, the student has a mini-viva conducted by two examiners. Once I had the presentation down pat, I was most nervous about this. In the event, the mini-viva was more useful than terrifying. One of my examiners pointed out some notational errors in my expression of mathematics, but remarked that he was not surprised to find these given that I do not have a mathematics background. There were some points in my written report that require clarification and others that could be expanded. The examiners did find some gaps in my knowledge, but instead of listing these as failures they suggested references I should read and concepts I should look into.

I passed (phew!) but, as Bob tweeted, this could be something of a mixed blessing. I am not so worried about slaving away for a couple more years, but it dawned on me during the weeks before my upgrade that this is the last exam I have before, well, before the viva after I have submitted my thesis.

Before I started the PhD, an experienced supervisor advised me that one of the challenges of a doctoral thesis is knowing when to finish. A PhD student might struggle to know whether what they have done will be “enough” in the eyes of their examiners. Imperial College does keep an eye on its students’ progress during the years of PhD study, but I am not due any further formal assessment until Submission and The Viva two or more years from now. The prospect of being left to my own devices seems almost more daunting than the treadmill of examinations that featured heavily in my first years at University. Now, it seems all the more important to look for other places my work can be assessed, at a conference or in publication. That way, alongside the rest of the scientific community, I can expect to receive the feedback that, as I learnt from my upgrade mini-viva, can be so useful in suggesting improvements to work completed and further ideas to explore.

The image of a milestone came from amandabnslater on Flickr.

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Cliffhanger 2

If you have landed at OT via my old blog, you will be aware that I left you there on the edge of your seat. This is an eventful week for me. The launch of the Sharpest Blogging Network in the Box notwithstanding, I have mostly been occupied with preparing for my MPhil to PhD transfer viva.

If all goes well, I will be updating again next week with both the outcome of the viva, and a review of my post-viva-pre-Christmas celebrations.

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Cliffhanger 1

Today there are some changes for Blogging the PhD. I am proud to be part of the launch of Occam’s Typewriter, the sharpest blogging network in the box.

To find out the outcome of my previous post, head over there. Whilst you’re waiting a few days for my viva result, check out the other excellent bloggers and immerse yourself in launch fever.

A big thank you to everyone who has read, shared, and commented on my posts here at Nature Network over the past two years. I especially appreciate the helpful practical advice that I have taken from you all during this PhD journey.

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Launch

Occam’s Typewriter, the sharpest blogging network in the box, is now live!

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Status upgrade

I am one year and one month into my PhD, and next month I have my Upgrade examination.

At many – although not all – UK universities, new PhD students are registered as Masters (MPhil) students in the first instance. After 12 to 18 months, they submit their work to date and their plans for their research to a panel of assessors. Provided their plan is reasonable and feasible, they are ‘upgraded’ to PhD student status and this upgrade is backdated to the date they began their studies.

This procedure was not always the norm. When I described it to my grandfather (the same one) he said that this was not the case when he was supervising (some 50 years ago or so now), and that it sounded like a sensible system for both the student and the institution.

I plan to complete my upgrade before Christmas – an early Christmas present to myself, if you will. I submitted my written report to my assessors last week; the examination consists of my giving a presentation and taking questions, followed by a viva. As I submitted my report, I asked for some advice on the viva from the Twitterati.

One common themes in the replies was to be yourself, relax and enjoy it. One colleague gave the practical suggestion

wear a bowtie and no rickrolling in your presentation. Worked for me

More specific advice was to be aware of why you are doing your research, something that it is easy to lose sight of.

Another point was to be sure of the basics. This is something I am going to have to specifically prepare for. I have a tendency to over-complicate simple, background questions and get myself flustered – something that happens more when I feel under pressure. I struggled to write (and re-write, and re-write) the introduction to my report. As I complained to my lab-mate, how am I supposed to write the introduction when my assessor wrote the book on the topic?

The purpose of the transfer examination, according to my student handbook, is to confirm that the student

  • Understands the problem – I do, a lot more than I did one year ago!
  • Is aware of the associated literature – Check, Papers is my new best friend.
  • Has demonstrated capability to conduct the research – Only my assessors can confirm this one. I am reasonably confident I have demonstrated something.
  • Has a realistic research plan and schedule – That my schedule is realistic depends critically on that old adage of the non-linear nature of research.
  • Is of PhD calibre

My work this year was largely an extension of one of my MSc projects. I have studied statistics, and programming, and how to combine the two. The sentiments expressed by students in the first few weeks and months of their studies remind me of myself one year ago, and I am happy to be more settled now. The plan for the shape of my thesis seems clearer than it did twelve months ago, but I am a touch intimidated by the unknowns (both the known unknowns and the unknown unknowns) that I will encounter over the next two years. Provided, of course, that I manage to update upgrade my status.

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Is parapsychology a science?

I was surprised to discover that there are at least two research groups at UK universities dedicated to the study of parapsychology. There is even a short course you can sign up to. However, whether or not parapsychology can be considered a science is not actually the question I want to address here. The Nature of Network notwithstanding, I want to segue into a theatre review.

If you want to learn something about parapsychology, and you want a great night out, go and see Ghost Stories at The Duke of York’s Theatre in London’s west end.

Onstage, Professor Philip Goodman is a professor of parapsychology. Skeptics everywhere will be reassured by his confident debunking as he delivers his lecture on the paranormal. His presentation is dramatised by case studies from his work. If only all lectures could be this involving.

Whether or not Ghost Stories lives up to its “truly terrifying” tagline will depend on the spirit in which you enter into the thing. As someone who habitually avoids both horror films and ghost trains, I was already uneasy when we arrived at the theatre. The show is engaging, thrilling, and original…my heart rate took some time to return to normal at the end of the evening!

Ghost Stories is written by Andy Nyman and Jeremy Dyson. The two of them direct the production together with Sean Holmes. Andy Nyman is perhaps best known for the work he does with Derren Brown in the creation of Derren’s television and stage shows. In an interview on Radio 2 on Saturday morning1, he discusses how the audience that come to see the show are a mixture of traditional theatre-goers and, as interviewer Patrick Kielty describes them,

the cast of Weatherspoons.

So, even if you are not someone who typically goes to the theatre (or to Weatherspoons, for that matter), you might well enjoy this rollercoaster production.

Jeremy Dyson is familiar to most for his role in The League of Gentlemen, but I first encountered him when I was given his collection of short stories, Never Trust A Rabbit. The collection is reminiscent of Roald Dahl’s short stories (which, incidentally, you should also read). I have since read Dyson’s other books, which are somewhat unsettling, but neither as much as the first collection.

After the show, Nyman and Dyson were interviewed by Jonathan Ross and questions were sourced from the audience.

Photo via twitter

I earned a cheer from the audience for my question, but I am not telling you the answer. To do so would reveal too much.

So, go and see Ghost Stories – It is on at the Duke of York’s Theatre, booking until November. And read Never Trust A Rabbit. But possibly not on the same night.

1 The interview can be heard on BBC iPlayer (from about 28 minutes in) until Friday.

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